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Encapsulation is one of the fundamental concepts in object-oriented programming (OOP). It describes the idea of wrapping data and the methods that work on data within one unit. This restricts accessing variables and methods directly and can prevent the accidental modification of data. To prevent accidental change, an object’s variable can only be changed by the object’s method. Those types of variables are known as private variables. In Python, getters and setters are methods used to access and modify private attributes of a class. These methods are ... Read More
JSON can be abbreviated as JavaScript Object Notation. It means a script of a text file in a programming language to transfer and store the data. It is supported by the Python programming language using a built-in package named JSON. Its text is given in the quoted string format, which contains a key and value within the curly braces{}, which looks like a dictionary. To access a JSON document using Python, we have to use the JSON package. In this package, we have a method named dumps(), which is used to convert the Python tuple objects into the Java objects. ... Read More
Double Quotes in PythonDouble quotes are used to represent a string or a character. The functionality of the single quotes and double quotes is the same. We can use any type of quote as per our requirement. The following is the syntax to create a string using double quotes in the Python programming language. str = “text” Example Let’s see an example to understand the functionality and usage of the double quotes in Python. Initially, we have created a string by passing the sentence in double quotes and assigned it to the variable str. Next we printed ... Read More
The class is a blueprint, which is used as the reference to create the object. This contains attributes and methods in a logical entity.Let’s understand the usage of the class in an object-oriented programming language through a real-time scenario. Consider a library. In a library, we will have different numbers of books. Now we want to track every book from the library. For a book, we will have different attributes like book name, ... Read More
Converting Python String into TupleWe can convert a Python string into tuples by simply mentioning a comma (, ) after the string. This will treat the string as a single element to the tuple. Example Here our string variable “s” is treated as one item in the tuple, which can be done by adding the comma after the string - s = "python" print("Input string :", s) t = s, print('Output tuple:', t) print(type(t)) Following is the output of the above code - Input string : python Output tuple: ('python', ) Using tuple() Function Also, ... Read More
By using the eval() function in Python, we can evaluate a string and return a Python object. The eval() is a Python built-in function that evaluates a string argument by parsing the string as a code expression. eval(expression[, globals[, locals]]) Evaluating a String with Arithmetic Expression? If we pass a string containing an arithmetic expression to the eval() function. First, it parses the expression, then evaluates it, and finally returns an evaluated Python object. Example In the following example, the eval() function evaluates the string formed arithmetic expression and returns an integer object - var = 100 string_EXP_1 ... Read More
Python is being updated regularly with new features and support. Starting from 1994 to the current release, there have been lots of updates in Python versions.Using Python standard libraries like sys or platform modules, we can get the version information of Python that is actually running on our script. In general, the Python version is displayed automatically on the console immediately after starting the interpreter from the command line. Python 3.10.7 (tags/v3.10.7:6cc6b13, Sep 5 2022, 14:08:36) [MSC v.1933 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information. Using the version attribute The sys ... Read More
To convert a string represented dictionary to an original dictionary, we can use built-in functions like eval(), json.load(), and ast.literal_eval(). Initially, we must ensure that the string contains a valid representation of the dictionary. Using the eval() function The eval() is a Python built-In function that takes a string argument, parses it as a code expression, and evaluates the expression. If the input expression contains a string representation of a dictionary, then the eval() method returns it as a normal Python dictionary. Syntax Following is the syntax of the eval() function in Python - eval(expression[, globals[, locals]]) Example ... Read More
In Python, using a for loop is common to iterate a single data structure like a list, but if we need to iterate two/multiple lists in parallel, we need to use the range() function. Iterating two Lists Using for Loop Assuming that both lists have the same length, here we are using the len() method to get the length of the list object. Example In the following example, we have iterated through the lists l1 and l2 of same size using for loop - l1 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'] l2 = [97, 98, 99, 100, 101] length = ... Read More
A tuple is a collection of objects that is ordered and immutable. Tuples are sequences, just like lists. The differences between tuples and lists are that tuples cannot be changed, unlike lists, and tuples use parentheses, whereas lists use square brackets. Converting a Python tuple to a StringThere are three different ways we can convert a Python tuple to a string. Using a for loop. Using the Python join() method ... Read More