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Checking for Lowercase Letters in PythonIn Python, a string is considered to have only lower-case letters if all its characters are alphabets and each one of them is in lower case (from 'a' to 'z'). We can verify this using the built-in islower() method, regular expressions, or by checking each character using the all() method. Using islower() Method The islower() method returns True if all the characters in the string are in lowercase and there is at least one alphabet. If the string contains uppercase letters or non-alphabetic characters, it returns False. Example: All Lowercase Letters In the following example, ... Read More
Checking for Uppercase Letters in Python A string is considered to contain only upper-case letters if all its characters are alphabets and each one is in upper case (from 'A' to 'Z'). Python provides various ways to check this, such as using the isupper() method, regular expressions, or manually checking each character. Using isupper() Method The isupper() method returns True if all the alphabetic characters in the string are uppercase and there is at least one alphabet. If the string contains any lowercase letters or non-alphabetic characters, it returns False. Example: All Uppercase Letters In the following example, the string ... Read More
To find how many characters are present in a string (i.e. length of a string), Python provides the built-in function named len(). The length includes all characters in the string, including spaces, punctuation, and special characters. Using len() Function The len() function is the most direct way to find out how many characters are in a string. It returns the total number of characters, including spaces and special symbols. Example In the following example, we are calculating the length of a string using the len() function - text = "Python Programming" length = len(text) print("Length of the string is:", length) ... Read More
A string is considered to contain only whitespace if it consists entirely of characters like space (' '), tab ('\t'), newline (''), carriage return ('\r'), etc. Python provides ways to check this directly using built-in functions or regular expressions. Using isspace() Method The isspace() method returns True if all characters in the string are whitespace characters and the string is not empty. If there is any non-whitespace character, it returns False. Example: Only Whitespace In the following example, the string contains a few spaces and tab characters, so the isspace() method returns True - str1 = " \t ... Read More
In Python, the with statement is used when working with files or network connections. It makes sure that resources (files) are opened, used, and then closed properly, even if an error occurs during the process. If you want to catch any exceptions that happen inside a with block, you can wrap it in a try-except statement. Alternatively, you can use a custom context manager that handles exceptions on its own. Catching Exceptions Inside with Block Using try-except To catch errors that occur inside a with block, we need to place it within a try-except. This helps you to handle any ... Read More
In Python, when performing file operations such as creating or renaming files, one of the limitations is the maximum length limit of a file name, and when we exceed this limit, then results in errors such as OSError: [Errno 36] File name too long. Using os.pathconf() function In Python, the os.pathconf() function is used to get system-specific configuration values related to files and directories. This function also helps in checking limits such as the maximum file name length or the maximum path length allowed by the file system. Syntax Following is the syntax of using the os.pathconf() function - os.pathconf(path, name) ... Read More
In Python, Regular Expressions (RegEx) are used to match patterns in the given input strings. The re module in Python provides different methods to use the regular expressions. This module helps the developers to perform search operations, validations, filtering, and much more based on string patterns. In this article, we will explore different ways to match a word in Python using the re module. Match a Specific Word using re.search() In Python, the re.search() method is used to search for a pattern within a given string. If the pattern is found, then it returns a match object otherwise, it returns ... Read More
In Python, the re module is used to work with regular expressions. In some cases, we need to check whether a string starts or ends with a specific pattern, and then we need to use special regex characters called anchors. Following are the anchors used in regular expressions - ^ − This anchor matches the beginning of a string. $ − This anchor matches the end of a string. Python Regex Methods The following methods from the re module are commonly used to apply start and end matching - ... Read More
A Non-word character is any type of character that is not a letter, digit, or underscore, i.e., anything other than [a-z, A-Z, 0-9_]. Examples of non-word characters are symbols, punctuation marks, spaces, tabs, and other special characters. In Python, Regular Expressions (RegEx) are used to match the patterns in the given input strings. The re module in Python provides different methods to use the regular expressions. This module helps the developers to perform search operations, validations, filtering and much more, based on string patterns. To match a non-word character in Python, we can use the special character class \W inside ... Read More
A Dictionary in Python is a mutable, unordered collection of data in a key-value format. A dictionary can also contain another dictionary as a value, and this is known as a Nested Dictionary or a dictionary within a dictionary. In this article, we are going to explore all the different ways to use a dictionary within a dictionary in Python. Syntax to define a Dictionary within another Following is the syntax of creating a Dictionary within another Dictionary in Python - outer_dict = { 'key1': { 'inner_key1': ... Read More